Automatic cooling system



M. D. M. FAIRMAN.

AUTOMATIC COOLING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. Ii, 1920.

1,376 ,QSQD Patented ApnZfi, 1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET l.

W 3 m g 5W M. D. M. FAIRMAN.

AUTOMATIC COOLING SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 12, 1920.

1,876,086 Patented Apr. 26, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

rarest AUTOMATIC COOLING SYSTEM.

Specification of Ietters Patent.

Patented Apr. 26, 1921.

Application filed January 17, 1920. Serial No. 352,099.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I MILTON D. M. FAIR- MAN, a citizen of the finited States, residing at South Brownsville, in the county of Fayette and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Automatic Cooling Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to cooling systems,

and more particularly to a system and a method for cooling the cylinders of internal combustion engines and other objects.

One of the main objects of the invention is to provide a cooling system of simple oporation in which a cooling liquid is circulated through a closed circuit thus avoiding the necessity of renewing the liquid. A further object is to provide a system in which a liquid having either a high or a low boiling point may be used, and the temperature at which the liquid will be vaporized may be varied by varying the pressure in the system thus rendering it possible to maintain the object to be cooled at a uniform temperature.

Further objects will appear from the detailed description.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a slde View, partly in section, of a system constructed in accordance with my invention as applied.

Fig. 2/ is an end view of the condenser.

Fig. 3 is a side view, partly in section, of a modified form of the system.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 1, I provide a condenser 1 which may be of any suitable or preferred form, the form illustrated consisting of an upper horizontal inlet manifold 2 and a lower inclined outlet manifold 3, these two manifolds being connected by suitable tubes I which are of substantial U- shape and are disposed in parallel spaced relation. A vapor pipe 4: communicates at its lower end with jacket B surrounding cylinder A of an internal combustion engine in which operates a piston C. This pipe communicates at its upper end with'a nipple 5 extending from one end of the inlet manifold 2. A return pipe 6 communicates with the lower end of the lower manifold 3, at its upper end, and at its lower end with the jacket B adjacent the lower end thereof. In practice a suitable quantity of a liquid suitable for the purpose and having a low boiling point, such as alcohol, sulfur dioxid or anhydrous ammonia, is placed the closed circuit formed by pipes 4c and 6 and condenser and jacket B, the quantity of liquid being such as to surround and cover the cylinder A and extend a slight distance into the lower end of pipe 4: so as to cover the lower end portion of a suitable thermometer 'I placed in this pipe. During operation of the engine the heat generated in cylinder A will be absorbed to a great extent by the liquid in jacket B, this heat serving to vaporize the liquid, the vapor flowing upwardly through plpe 4; into the upper manifold 52 of the condenser and expanding through the tubes & so as to be cooled and condensed, the liquid of condensation collecting in the lower manifold 3 and flowing through return pipe 6 back to the jacket. In this manner, the liquid is permitted to vaporize so as to maintain the cylinder A at a predetermined temperature, this temperature depending upon the boiling point of the liquid, and this vapor may be then condensed and returned to the jacket B thus avoiding the necessity of replenishing the supply of cooling liquid.

I have found that the boiling point of any.

particular liquid used may be varied to a considerable extent by varying the pressure in the circuit. For this purpose I provide pipe 4 with a pressure gage 7 and with a threaded nipple 8 having a suitable valve 9 by means of which either a compressor or exhaust pump may be connected to the pipe. By increasing or diminishing the pressure in the circuit, as circumstances may require, the boiling point of the liquid surrounding the cylinder A may be lowered or raised thus lowering or raising the temperature at which the cylinder is maintained accordingly, as conditions may require. A suitable drain cook 10 is provlded at the angle of pipe 6 for draining the same, and this cock may also be employed for admitting the liquid under pressure to the circuit when charging the same. cook 10 may also be utilized for varying the pressure in the circuit in the manner above described, though I prefer to utilize the nipple 8 for this purpose under ordinary conditions.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 3, the return pipe 6 communicates with a pipe 11 which is in communication with a tubular stem 12 of a float casing 13 carried by a pipe 14: which communicates by an I 15 with the j et B. A fl at 16 perates in If desired, the drainthe casing 13 and is provided with a depending stem 17 carrying a valve 18 for controlling communication between stem 12 and pipe 11. The float control valve 18 serves to maintain the liquid in c linder jacket B and in the lower portion 0 vapor pipe 4 at such a level as to cover the upper end of the cylinder and the lower end portion of the thermometer T. This form of the system is intended more particularly for use in connection with the stationary engines, the condenser 1 being mounted on the roof of'a building in the basement ofwhich the engine is placed, the pi es 4: and 6 being i of comparatlvely great eight. As there will be an appreciable liquid column in pipe 6, in this case, capable of exerting an appreciable pressure, I provide means whereby this pressure may be utilized to operate a fluid pressure motor.

A fluid operated motor 19 of suitable type is connected by pipes 20 and 21 with the return pipe 6 at points above and below the motor, respectively, and a suitable valve 22 is mounted in the return pipe between these points. By closing valve 22 the liquid flowing through pipe 6 may be by-passed by means of pipes 20 and 21 through the motor so as to operate the same, this motor being utilized to drive any suitable machinery.

Pipe 11 communicates with one arm of a four armed connection 23, and an L 24 communicates with the arm of this connection which is in alinement with pipe 11, this 'L communicating at its lower end with a tank 25 having an outlet faucet 26. A safety valve 27 is mounted in the L 24 and is adjusted to open at a predetermined pressure, the object of this valve being to permit escape of a portion of the liquid in the system in the event that the pressure becomes sogreat as to cause likelihood of explosion.

The liquid which escapes through the pipe 24 under pressure collects in the expansion tank 25 from which it may be drawn by means of the faucet 26. A threaded nipple 28 is secured in the lower arm of the connection 23 and serves to drain the system, this nipple being also used for charging the circuit with the desired quantity of liquid. If desired, pipe 1 1 may be provided with a nipple 14;, and pipe 4 may be provided at its lower end with an L extension 4* which cooperates with nipple. 14 to provide means whereby an auxiliary cooling element may be connected to the system.

While I have specified certain liquids which Iuse for cooling the cylinders,.it is to be understood that any other suitable liquid may be employed. Also, when it is desired to regulate the pressure in the circuit for varying the boiling point of the liquid, air or any suitable gas which is inert to the liquid used in the system may be employed. As will be understood, it may be found desirable in practice to resort to certain modifications in details of arrangement and construction of the various parts of the invention, and I intend to include all such variations as, fall within the scope of the appended claims, in this application in which the preferred forms only of my invention are disclosed.

What I claim is:

1. In a cooling system, a cylinder, a acket surrounding said cylinder, a condenser, a vapor pipe communicating with said jacket and with the inlet of the condenser for conveying a vaporized cooling liquid to said condenser, a return pipe communicating with the outlet of the condenser and with the jacket, a pressure fluid operated motor, and means for optionally by-passing the liquid from the return pipe through said motor.

2. In a cooling system, a cylinder, a jacket surrounding the cylinder, a condenser, a vapor pipe communicating with said jacket and with the inlet of the condenser for conveying a vaporized cooling liquid to said condenser, a return pipe communicating with the outlet of the condenser and with the jacket, means for maintaining the liquid at a constant level in the jacket, a pressure fluid operated motor, and means for optionally by-passing the liquid from the return pipe through said motor.

3. A cooling method consisting of circulating' a cooling liquid in a closed circuit about an object to be cooled so as to absorb heat therefrom and cause vaporizing of the liquid within the circuit by the heat absorbed, collecting and condensing the vapor, and returning the liquid of condensation by gravity through a fluid pressure operated motor wherein a part of the energy expended by the heat in vaporizing the liquid and raising the same to a higher altitude may be transformed into motion and used for mechanical purposes, the liquid after being used to operate the motor being returned to the object to be cooled so as to be again vaporized.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

MILTON D. M. FAIRMAN. 

